One such standard procedure1 which has been recommended for use with disks to test susceptibility of organisms to doxycycline uses the 30-mcg tetracycline-class disk or the 30-mcg doxycycline disk. Quantitative methods that require measurement of zone diameters give the most precise estimate of the susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial agents. The precise mechanism of action of the drug is not known. Rickettsiae Chlamydia psittaci Chlamydia trachomatis Mycoplasma pneumoniae Ureaplasma urealyticum Borrelia recurrentis Treponema pallidum Treponema pertenue Clostridium species Fusobacterium fusiforme Actinomyces species Bacillus anthracis Propionibacterium acnes Entamoeba species Balantidium coli Plasmodium falciparumĭoxycycline has been found to be active against the asexual erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium falciparum, but not against the gametocytes of P. Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae Enterococcus group (Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium) Alpha-hemolytic streptococci (viridans group) Therefore, tetracycline should not be used for streptococcal disease unless the organism has been demonstrated to be susceptible. Up to 44 percent of strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 74 percent of Streptococcus faecalis have been found to be resistant to tetracycline drugs. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Calymmatobacterium granulomatis Haemophilus ducreyi Haemophilus influenzae Yersinia pestis (formerly Pasteurella pestis) Francisella tularensis (formerly Pasteurella tularensis) Vibrio cholerae (formerly Vibrio comma) Bartonella bacilliformis Brucella speciesīecause many strains of the following groups of gram-negative microorganisms have been shown to be resistant to tetracyclines, culture and susceptibility testing are recommended:Įscherichia coli Klebsiella species Enterobacter aerogenes Shigella species Acinetobacter species (formerly Mima species and Herellea species) Bacteroides speciesīecause many strains of the following groups of gram-positive microorganisms have been shown to be resistant to tetracycline, culture and susceptibility testing are recommended. Cross-resistance of these organisms to tetracyclines is common. The tetracyclines, including doxycycline, have a similar antimicrobial spectrum of activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. The tetracyclines are primarily bacteriostatic and are thought to exert their antimicrobial effect by the inhibition of protein synthesis. Results of animal studies indicate that tetracyclines cross the placenta and are found in fetal tissues. Hemodialysis does not alter serum half-life. Studies have shown no significant difference in serum half-life of doxycycline (range 18 to 22 hours) in individuals with normal and severely impaired renal function. This percentage excretion may fall as low as 1 to 5%/72 hours in individuals with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance below 10 mL/min.). Excretion of doxycycline by the kidney is about 40%/72 hours in individuals with normal function (creatinine clearance about 75 mL/min.). Doxycycline is virtually completely absorbed after oral administration.įollowing a 200 mg dose, normal adult volunteers averaged peak serum levels of 2.6 mcg/mL of doxycycline at 2 hours, decreasing to 1.45 mcg/mL at 24 hours. They are concentrated by the liver in the bile, and excreted in the urine and feces at high concentrations and in a biologically active form. Tetracyclines are readily absorbed and are bound to plasma proteins in varying degree. 6, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, sodium lauryl sulfate and titanium dioxide. 1, gelatin, silicon dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate and titanium dioxide.ĭoxycycline Hyclate Tablets USP 100 mg contain the following inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, FD&C Red No. The capsule shells contain: FD&C Blue No.
Doxycycline will not degrade into an epianhydro form.Įach capsule, for oral administration, contains Doxycycline Hyclate, equivalent to 50 mg or 100 mg of Doxycycline.Įach tablet, for oral administration, contains Doxycycline Hyclate, equivalent to 100 mg of Doxycycline.ĭoxycycline Hyclate Capsules USP 50 mg and 100 mg contain the following inactive ingredients: magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose. It is highly stable in normal human serum. Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic synthetically derived from oxytetracycline, and is available as doxycycline hyclate (doxycycline hydrochloride hemiethanolate hemihydrate) for oral administration.ĭoxycycline hyclate is a yellow crystalline powder which is soluble in water.ĭoxycycline has a high degree of lipoid solubility and a low affinity for calcium binding.
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